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Lenalidomide is an anti-cancer medication. It works by enhancing the immune system that indirectly attacks the cancer cells. It prevents the growth of new blood vessels within the tumor. It also restricts the production of chemical messengers (cytokine and growth factor) which are responsible for the growth of cancer cells. This is how it works against cancer.

In cancer, Hydroxyurea works by blocking an enzyme (ribonucleotide reductase) which is required for synthesis of DNA. This prevents the cancer cells from growing and multiplying. In sickle cell disease, it works by increasing fetal haemoglobin (HbF) levels in red blood cells (RBCs). This helps the RBCs assume a normal shape, improves blood flow and protects against complications such as painful sickle cell episodes.

Alfacalcidol is a Vitamin D-hormone analog that gets activated in the body with the help of liver enzymes. It gets converted into the active form of vitamin D3 (calcitriol) that helps in strengthening the bones and also regulates the other functioning of the body.

Progesterone (Natural Micronized) is a progesterone (female hormone). It helps to establish and maintain pregnancy. It also prevents the increase in thickness of the endometrium (lining of the uterus) caused by estrogen.

Stavudine is used along with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Stavudine is in a class of medications called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). It works by decreasing the amount of HIV in the blood.